航空学报 > 2025, Vol. 46 Issue (1): 430486-430486   doi: 10.7527/S1000-6893.2024.30486

基于FDM技术的填充型阶梯结构宽频吸波体

叶永盛1,2, 刘沁锋1,2, 贾瑞鹏3, 丁迪4, 焦未冬1,2, 叶喜葱1,2, 吴海华1,2, 何恩义1,2()   

  1. 1.三峡大学 机械与动力学院,宜昌 443002
    2.三峡大学 石墨增材制造技术与装备湖北省工程研究中心,宜昌 443002
    3.中国锻压协会,北京 102206
    4.中国机械总院集团江苏分院有限公司,常州 213164
  • 收稿日期:2024-04-03 修回日期:2024-05-06 接受日期:2024-06-17 出版日期:2025-01-15 发布日期:2024-07-01
  • 通讯作者: 何恩义 E-mail:heenyi@ctgu.edu.cn
  • 基金资助:
    2022年产业技术基础公共服务平台(2022-232-223);水电机械设备设计与维护湖北省重点实验室开放基金(2022KJX 05)

Broadband wave absorber with filled step-structured design using FDM technology

Yongsheng YE1,2, Qinfeng LIU1,2, Ruipeng JIA3, Di DING4, Weidong JIAO1,2, Xicong YE1,2, Haihua WU1,2, Enyi HE1,2()   

  1. 1.College of Machinery and Power Engineering,China Three Gorges University,Yichang  443002,China
    2.Graphite Additive Manufacturing Technology and Equipment Hubei Engineering Research Center,China Three Gorges University,Yichang  443002,China
    3.Confederation of Chinese Metalforming Industry,Beijing 102206,China
    4.Jiangsu Branch of China Academy of Machinery Science and Technology Group Co. ,Ltd,Changzhou  213164,China
  • Received:2024-04-03 Revised:2024-05-06 Accepted:2024-06-17 Online:2025-01-15 Published:2024-07-01
  • Contact: Enyi HE E-mail:heenyi@ctgu.edu.cn
  • Supported by:
    2022 Industrial Technology Foundation Public Service Platform(2022-232-223);Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Hydropower Machinery and Equipment Design and Maintenance Open Fund(2022KJX 05)

摘要:

宽带吸收是吸波体向实际应用发展亟须解决的难题。基于熔融沉积成型(FDM)技术制备吸波体壳体,以自制的石墨烯(rGO)-Fe3O4/乙基纤维素(EC)复合微球为吸波剂,研究单元结构几何参数和材料层间分布对吸波性能的影响,通过归一化处理,分析等效阻抗匹配的变化特性。研究结果表明,该吸波体具有宽带吸收、极化无关特性和大角度吸收特性:该吸波体实物测试结果实现了2~18 GHz频段内99%带宽(2.1~18.0 GHz)的有效吸收(反射损耗低于-10 dB),两个反射损耗峰值的测试强度依次为-21.9、-24.1 dB,与CST仿真的2~18 GHz全频段有效吸收、峰值强度-20.6 dB和-20.1 dB的模拟结果相吻合;对于横电波(TE)极化而言,当入射角度为40°时仍然能维持15 GHz的有效吸收带宽,在50°时还能保持X、Ku波段的有效吸收。吸波体表现出的吸波性能归因于其合理的等效阻抗匹配调控,与此同时,其结构中梯度参数可显著增加电磁波的反射次数,充分利用了电磁波的衍射能力。

关键词: 吸波体, 石墨烯, 电磁波, 宽带吸收, 等效阻抗匹配

Abstract:

Broadband absorption poses a significant challenge in the development of wave absorbers for practical applications. We utilized Fused Deposition Modeling (FDM) technology to fabricate the absorber shell, by employing homemade Graphene (rGO)-Fe3O4/Ethyl Cellulose Ethoce (EC) composite microspheres as the absorber material. We investigated the influence of geometric parameters of the unit structure and the inter-layer distribution of materials on the absorption performance, and analyzed the variation characteristics of equivalent impedance matching through normalization. Our findings demonstrate that the absorber exhibits broadband absorption, polarization-independent characteristics, and large-angle absorption properties. Physical testing of the absorber reveals a 99% effective absorption (reflection loss less than -10 dB) bandwidth (2.1 GHz to 18.0 GHz) within the 2 GHz to 18 GHz range, with peak reflective loss intensities of -21.9 dB and -24.1 dB, respectively. These results closely align with CST simulations, demonstrating effective absorption and peak intensities of -20.6 dB and -20.1 dB over the entire 2 GHz to 18 GHz range. For Transverse Electric Wave (TE) polarization, the absorber maintains a 15 GHz effective absorption bandwidth at an incident angle of 40°, and effective absorption in the X and Ku bands at 50°. The absorber's performance is attributed to well-regulated equivalent impedance matching, while the gradient parameters within its structure significantly increase the number of electromagnetic wave reflections, thereby fully utilizing the diffraction capabilities of electromagnetic waves.

Key words: wave absorber, graphene, electromagnetic wave, broadband absorption, equivalent impedance matching

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