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湿滑道面飞机牵引滑行系统纵向动力学建模与制动性能研究

祝恒佳1,齐凯1,王立文2,张威1   

  1. 1. 中国民航大学
    2. 中国民航大学航空地面特种设备研究基地
  • 收稿日期:2023-10-27 修回日期:2024-02-27 出版日期:2024-02-27 发布日期:2024-02-27
  • 通讯作者: 张威
  • 基金资助:
    飞机牵引滑出关键技术与测试平台研究;飞机牵引系统纵向动力学特性及控制策略研究;高速无杆飞机牵引多体-多场耦合系统动力学研究

Research on longitudinal dynamics modeling and braking performance of the towbarless aircraft taxiing system on wet road

  • Received:2023-10-27 Revised:2024-02-27 Online:2024-02-27 Published:2024-02-27
  • Contact: Wei ZHANG

摘要: 飞机地面作业可分为低速(小于6节,约11.11km/h)、中速(6-14节)、高速(大于14节,约25.93km/h)三类,相比于传统的低速飞机牵引作业,新一代无杆飞机牵引滑行模式下牵引速度可达到40km/h,道面湿滑对高速飞机牵引滑行系统制动性能的影响不可忽视。采用伪流动动压轴承作用等效反映轮胎-水膜-道面相互作用,结合任意压力分布函数提出Lugre轮胎滑水动力学模型。针对AM210无杆飞机牵引车轮胎开展湿路面附着性能试验,对Lugre轮胎滑水动力学模型进行参数辨识。基于Matlab/Simulink和Adams/View建立Lugre轮胎滑水动力学模型和无杆牵引滑行系统的动力学联合仿真模型。采用模糊PID最优滑移率控制方法并考虑道面振动激励,对比研究湿滑与干燥道面下飞机牵引系统的制动性能。结果表明,湿滑道面轮胎动载荷小于干燥道面,轮胎抓地性能随水膜厚度增大而降低,在40km/h的初始制动速度下A级、C级1mm水膜随机道面的制动距离比干燥道面结果分别增加了30.9%、31.3%,对应工况下1mm水膜道面的制动距离比0.5mm水膜道面结果分别增加了2.7%、2.5%。本文的研究结果可为湿滑道面工况下飞机牵引滑行作业中的制动安全预测提供理论基础。

关键词: 无杆飞机牵引滑行系统, 无杆飞机牵引车, 湿滑道面, 轮胎动力学模型, 制动动力学

Abstract: Aircraft apron ground operation could be divided into the low-speed (less than 6 knots, about 11.11 km/h), middle-speed (6-14 knots), and high-speed (large than 14 knots, about 25.93 km/h) three cases. Comparing to the traditional low-speed aircraft towing operation, the traction velocity in the new-generation towbarless aircraft taxiing mode could reach to 40 km/h, in this case the wet road has a significant influence on the braking performance of a towbarless aircraft towing taxiing system (TLATS). The "pseudo" flow dynamic pressure bearing effect is used to be equivalent to the interaction among the tire, water film and road, and an advanced Lugre tire hydroplaning dynamic model is developed by combining the arbitrary pressure distribution function. The wet road tire adhesion experiments are conducted for a specific tire of the AM210 towbarless towing vehicle (TLTV), and the Lugre tire hydrodynamic model parameters are identified based on the experimental results. A co-simulation dynamic model of the Lugre tire hydrodynamic model in Matlab/Simulink and the TLATS in Adams/View is established. By employing the same fuzzy PID optimal slip rate control method and considering the rough road vibration excitation, the braking performances of the TLATS under wet road conditions are compared with those under dry road condition. It shows that the vertical tire dynamic load under wet road condition is smaller than that under dry road condition, and the tire grip performance decreases when the water film thickness increases. The braking distances for the A class and C class roads with 1mm water film increased 30.9% and 31.3%, respectively, than that under the dry rough roads with an initial braking speed of 40 km/h. The braking distance of 1mm water film surface increased by 2.7% and 2.5% respectively compared with that of 0.5mm water film surface under corresponding working conditions. The results could provide an theoretical basis for predicting a safe braking distance on wet road in the aircraft towing operation accurately.

Key words: TLATS, TLTV, wet road, tire dynamic model, braking dynamics

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