秦飞1,2, 赵征1,2, 何国强1,2, 景婷婷1,2(), 孙星1,2, 魏祥庚1,2
收稿日期:
2023-09-13
修回日期:
2023-11-06
接受日期:
2024-04-25
出版日期:
2024-05-17
发布日期:
2024-05-15
通讯作者:
景婷婷
E-mail:tinajing@nwpu.edu.cn
基金资助:
Fei QIN1,2, Zheng ZHAO1,2, Guoqiang HE1,2, Tingting JING1,2(), Xing SUN1,2, Xianggeng WEI1,2
Received:
2023-09-13
Revised:
2023-11-06
Accepted:
2024-04-25
Online:
2024-05-17
Published:
2024-05-15
Contact:
Tingting JING
E-mail:tinajing@nwpu.edu.cn
Supported by:
摘要:
宽速域、大空域、高比冲的火箭基组合循环发动机作为实现未来水平起降可重复使用天地往返运输系统、临近空间高速飞行平台等新型空天飞行器的主要动力系统之一,近年在宽域燃烧组织、模态过渡控制、高效热防护等关键技术方面取得了诸多进展,但在发动机热结构技术方面,由于新型空天飞行器要求动力系统工作速域更宽、结构系数更低,而发动机热结构设计面临宽域飞发任务耦合特性强、时空非均匀力热环境复杂、薄壁结构轻量化难度大、多次重复使用等难题,因此,必须一方面通过飞发总体参数匹配研究确定合理的发动机热结构指标约束,另一方面多角度提升发动机热结构设计水平和指标能力边界。首先,将国外以典型火箭基组合循环发动机为动力的空天飞行器作为对象,分析了入轨方式对动力系统热结构指标需求的影响规律,并梳理了GTX、Strutjet两款典型发动机的热防护与热结构方案,进而通过发动机燃烧组织与热环境分布特征分析,介绍了主被动结构热防护、高温结构可变可调、结构重复使用与健康管理三类关键技术的研究进展。
中图分类号:
秦飞, 赵征, 何国强, 景婷婷, 孙星, 魏祥庚. 火箭基组合循环发动机热结构技术研究进展[J]. 航空学报, 2024, 45(11): 529572-529572.
Fei QIN, Zheng ZHAO, Guoqiang HE, Tingting JING, Xing SUN, Xianggeng WEI. Thermal structure technology development of rocket based combined cycle engine[J]. Acta Aeronautica et Astronautica Sinica, 2024, 45(11): 529572-529572.
表 2
GTX计划基准飞行器总体结构参数
文献 | [ | [ | [ | [ | [ |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
载荷/t | 11.3 | 0.136 | 0.136 | 0.136 | 0.736 |
论证年份 | 2001 | 1999 | 2002 | 2002 | 2003 |
飞行器总长L1/m | 80.3 | 35.0 | 64.5 | 43.7 | 11.4 |
唇口前长度L2/m | 51.3 | 22.6 | 41.3 | 28.1 | 7.3 |
飞行器高度H/m | 23.8 | 15.6 | 10.3 | 2.8 | |
飞行器宽度W/m | 34.5 | 14.3 | 25.0 | 16.5 | 4.4 |
中心体半径R1/m | 4.7 | 2.0 | 3.5 | 2.4 | 0.6 |
发动机壳体半径R2/m | 3.5 | 1.3 | 2.2 | 1.6 | 0.4 |
发动机干重/t | 31.5 | 6.7 | 6.7 | 0.7 | |
起飞干重(含载荷)/t | 92.5 | 12.8 | 23.6 | 18.8 | 3.2 |
起飞不含载荷干重/t | 81.2 | 12.7 | 23.5 | 18.7 | 2.5 |
(发动机干重+载荷)/ 起飞干重 | 46.3% | 29.0% | 36.4% | 44.9% | |
发动机干重/起飞 不含载荷干重 | 38.8% | 28.6% | 35.9% | 28.4% | |
起飞总重/t | 566.2 | 51.3 | 108.2 | 108.0 | 3.5 |
起飞干重占比 | 16.3% | 25.0% | 21.8% | 17.4% | 91.4% |
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