航空学报 > 2024, Vol. 45 Issue (16): 429623-429623   doi: 10.7527/S1000-6893.2023.29623

热塑性环氧树脂合成及增韧低温复合材料

刘新1, 尹文轩2, 陈铎3, 侯永博2, 张露2, 武湛君1()   

  1. 1.大连理工大学 材料科学与工程学院,大连 116024
    2.大连理工大学 力学与航空航天学院,大连 116024
    3.郑州航空工业管理学院 材料学院,郑州 450046
  • 收稿日期:2023-09-20 修回日期:2023-10-17 接受日期:2023-11-08 出版日期:2023-11-23 发布日期:2023-11-16
  • 通讯作者: 武湛君 E-mail:wuzhj@dlut.edu.cn
  • 基金资助:
    中央高校基本科研业务费(DUT22LAB114);国家重点研发计划(2018YFA0702800);辽宁省自然科学基金(2022-MS-148)

Synthesis of thermoplastic epoxy resin and toughening low⁃temperature composite materials

Xin LIU1, Wenxuan YIN2, Duo CHEN3, Yongbo HOU2, Lu ZHANG2, Zhanjun WU1()   

  1. 1.School of Materials Science and Engineering,Dalian University of Technology,Dalian 116024,China
    2.School of Mechanics and Aerospace Engineering,Dalian University of Technology,Dalian 116024,China
    3.School of Materials,Zhengzhou University of Aeronautics,Zhengzhou 450046,China
  • Received:2023-09-20 Revised:2023-10-17 Accepted:2023-11-08 Online:2023-11-23 Published:2023-11-16
  • Contact: Zhanjun WU E-mail:wuzhj@dlut.edu.cn
  • Supported by:
    Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(DUT22LAB114);National Key Research and Development Program of China(2018YFA0702800);Natural Science Foundation of Liaoning Province(2022-MS-148)

摘要:

针对碳纤维/环氧树脂复合材料(CF/EP)在低温下易发生分层损伤破坏的问题,首先对热固性环氧树脂进行改性,制备了同体系的热塑性环氧树脂(TPE)颗粒,并将其应用于CF/EP层间进行增韧,与常用的聚酰胺66(PA66)颗粒子和聚醚砜(PES)颗粒进行对比,研究了3种颗粒对CF/EP在室温和低温时的增韧效果。试验结果表明,3种热塑性树脂颗粒均能起到显著的增韧效果,但添加颗粒后对CF/EP基本性能的影响有较大差异。CF/EP层间加入PA66颗粒和PES颗粒后,虽然复合材料韧性有一定提高,但由于树脂基体和增韧颗粒的体系差异,造成了复合材料层间增厚和基本力学性能的下降。而层间添加TPE颗粒的CF/EP层间断裂韧性显著提高,其室温下的Ⅱ型层间断裂韧性(GIIC)达到1 126 J/m2,提高了88.0%;-183 ℃下的GIIC达到1 386 J/m2,提高了109.2%,同时,TPE颗粒的加入对CF/EP层合板的厚度、室温与低温下的层间剪切强度和弯曲强度影响不大,这是由于TPE颗粒与预浸料中热固性环氧树脂属于同系材料,相互可以充分地融合流动,生成了更加独特的层间结构。因此,提出的同体系的TPE颗粒可以更全面有效地对复合材料进行室温和低温下的层间增韧。

关键词: 热塑性环氧树脂颗粒, 碳纤维/环氧树脂, 层间增韧, 低温韧性, 剪切强度, 弯曲强度

Abstract:

To address the problem of delamination damage in Carbon Fiber/Epoxy Resin (CF/EP) composites at low temperatures, thermosetting epoxy resin was first modified to produce Thermoplastic Epoxy Resin (TPE) particles of the same system and were applied to toughen the interlayers of the CF/EP composite. The toughening results of these particles were compared at room and low temperatures with commonly used Polyamide 66 (PA66) and Polyether Sulfone (PES) particles. While all three types of thermoplastic resin particles significantly improved toughness, their effects on the basic properties of CF/EP varied. The introduction of PA66 and PES particles increased the toughness of the composite but caused an increase in interlayer thickness and a decrease in basic mechanical properties due to the disparity between the resin matrix and the toughening particles. However, interlayer fracture toughness was significantly improved when TPE particles were added to the CF/EP interlayers, with Mode Ⅱ interlaminar fracture toughness (GIIC) at room temperature reaching 1 126 J/m2, an increase of 88%, and GIIC at -183 ℃ reaching 1 386 J/m2, an increase of 109.2%. Thanks to the compatibility and sufficient fusion of TPE particles with the thermosetting epoxy resin in the prepreg, the addition of TPE particles did not significantly affect the thickness, interlaminar shear strength, and flexural strength of the CF/EP laminates at both room and low temperatures, resulting in a unique interlayer structure. Thus, the same system TPE particles proposed can more comprehensively and effectively toughen composites at both room and low temperatures.

Key words: thermoplastic epoxy resin particles, carbon fiber/epoxy resin, interlaminar toughening, low-temperature toughness, shear strength, flexural strength

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