航空学报 > 2024, Vol. 45 Issue (7): 128919-128919   doi: 10.7527/S1000-6893.2023.28919

战斗机驾驶舱环境热舒适性仿真与优化

刘钟琦1, 胡旭阳1, 罗海宁2, 王晓明2, 董素君1()   

  1. 1.北京航空航天大学 航空科学与工程学院,北京 100191
    2.航空工业成都飞机设计研究所,成都 610091
  • 收稿日期:2023-04-23 修回日期:2023-05-14 接受日期:2023-05-22 出版日期:2024-04-15 发布日期:2023-05-24
  • 通讯作者: 董素君 E-mail:dsj@buaa.edu.cn

Simulation and optimization of thermal comfort of fighter cockpit environment

Zhongqi LIU1, Xuyang HU1, Haining LUO2, Xiaoming WANG2, Sujun DONG1()   

  1. 1.School of Aeronautic Science and Engineering,Beihang University,Beijing 100191,China
    2.AVIC Chengdu Aircraft Design and Research Institute,Chengdu 610091,China
  • Received:2023-04-23 Revised:2023-05-14 Accepted:2023-05-22 Online:2024-04-15 Published:2023-05-24
  • Contact: Sujun DONG E-mail:dsj@buaa.edu.cn

摘要:

战斗机驾驶舱环境热舒适性是保障飞行员人机工效,确保战斗机发挥最佳作战性能的重要因素。但是,常用预期平均投票数-预期不满意百分数(PMV-PPD)人体热舒适性评价指标无法适用于驾驶舱内极度不均匀流场和温度场环境,驾驶舱环境热舒适性缺乏有效优化设计手段。首先利用STAR-CCM+、TAITherm 2个软件,实现了驾驶舱内气流组织与Fiala人体生理模型和Berkeley热舒适评价指标的联合仿真功能;进一步以人体热舒适性和温度不均匀性系数为优化指标,采用遗传算法(GA)对驾驶舱多个送风口流量分配进行一定优化设计。与传统非耦合求解方法相比,联合仿真方法可有效提升驾驶舱内飞行员皮肤温度与热舒适性计算精度。与原始设计方案相比,优化后人体周围环境温度不均匀系数改善16%,整体热舒适性提升了0.285,占该档量化表阶梯的14%。同时,优化方案绝大部分局部热感受、热舒适性都有不同程度的改善。其中,头部和颈部改善最大,颈部热感受与热舒适性分别提高了0.55、0.781,分别占该档量化表阶梯的55%、39%。

关键词: 驾驶舱, 热舒适性, 气流组织, 战斗机, 送风系统优化

Abstract:

The thermal comfort of the fighter cockpit environment is an important factor to ensure the pilot man-machine efficiency and the best combat performance of the fighter. However, the commonly used PMV-PPD human thermal comfort evaluation index cannot be applied to the extremely uneven flow field and temperature field environment in the cockpit, and the thermal comfort of the cockpit environment lacks effective optimization design means. This study first uses STAR-CCM+ and TAITherm software to realize the joint simulation function of air distribution in the cockpit, Fiala human physiological model and Berkeley thermal comfort evaluation model, and then optimizes the human thermal comfort and temperature non-uniformity coefficient. Genetic Algorithm (GA) is used to optimize the flow distribution of multiple air outlets in the cockpit. Compared with the traditional decoupling method, the joint simulation method can effectively improve the calculation accuracy of the skin temperature and thermal comfort of the pilot in the cockpit. Compared with the initial design plan, the temperature non-uniformity coefficient around the human body has improved by 16% after optimization, and the overall thermal comfort has increased by 0.285, accounting for 14% of the quantization scale ladder. Meanwhile, most of the local thermal sensation and thermal comfort of the optimization plan have been improved to varying degrees. Among them, those of the head and neck has improved the most, with the thermal sensation and thermal comfort of the neck increased by 0.55 and 0.781, respectively, accounting for 55% and 39% of the quantization scale ladder, respectively.

Key words: cockpit, thermal comfort, air distribution, fighter, optimiztion of air supply system

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