航空学报 > 2023, Vol. 44 Issue (18): 228320-228320   doi: 10.7527/S1000-6893.2023.28320

轮盘低周疲劳模拟件设计及试验

赵淼东1, 胡殿印2,3,4, 毛建兴2,3,4, 孙海鹤2,5, 秦仕勇5, 古远兴5, 王荣桥1,3,4(), 田腾跃1, 鄢林1, 肖值兴1   

  1. 1.北京航空航天大学 能源与动力工程学院,北京  100191
    2.北京航空航天大学 航空发动机研究院,北京  100191
    3.北京航空航天大学 航空发动机结构强度北京市重点实验室,北京  100191
    4.中小型航空发动机联合研究中心,北京  100191
    5.中国航空发动机集团有限公司 四川燃气涡轮研究院,成都  610500
  • 收稿日期:2022-11-28 修回日期:2022-12-13 接受日期:2023-02-24 出版日期:2023-09-25 发布日期:2023-03-10
  • 通讯作者: 王荣桥 E-mail:wangrq@buaa.edu.cn
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金(52022007);国家科技重大专项(2017-IV-0004-0041)

Simulating specimen for low cycle fatigue of aero-engine disc: Design and experiment

Miaodong ZHAO1, Dianyin HU2,3,4, Jianxing MAO2,3,4, Haihe SUN2,5, Shiyong QIN5, Yuanxing GU5, Rongqiao WANG1,3,4(), Tengyue TIAN1, Lin YAN1, Zhixing XIAO1   

  1. 1.School of Energy and Power Engineering,Beihang University,Beijing  100191,China
    2.Research Institute of Aero-Engine,Beihang University,Beijing  100191,China
    3.Beijing Key Laboratory of Aero-Engine Structure and Strength,Beihang University,Beijing  100191,China
    4.United Research Center of Mid-Small Aero-Engine,Beijing  100191,China
    5.Sichuan Gas Turbine Establishment,Aero Engine Corporation of China,Chengdu  610500,China
  • Received:2022-11-28 Revised:2022-12-13 Accepted:2023-02-24 Online:2023-09-25 Published:2023-03-10
  • Contact: Rongqiao WANG E-mail:wangrq@buaa.edu.cn
  • Supported by:
    National Natural Science Foundation of China(52022007);National Major Science and Technology Project in China(2017-IV-0004-0041)

摘要:

航空发动机轮盘长时间在交变大载荷下工作,其盘心、螺栓孔、端齿等应力集中的特征部位容易发生低周疲劳失效。为准确评估轮盘特征部位的疲劳寿命,需设计反映应力梯度的模拟件并开展相应的疲劳试验,从而为发动机结构设计提供重要依据。现有的模拟件设计方法通常保证危险点一定范围内的应力/应变分布与真实构件的一致,但这些方法对“一定范围”的定义缺乏理论依据且未能形成统一认识。为此,提出了一种临界距离范围内SWT参量分布一致的模拟件设计方法,建立了轮盘盘心、螺栓孔、端齿等危险部位的模拟件设计方法,并开展了模拟件的低周疲劳试验。将端齿模拟件100%转速对应的平均疲劳寿命与轮盘旋转疲劳试验结果对比,相对误差为7%,且均为表面薄弱晶面起裂。最后,讨论了该模拟件设计方法的稳健性。

关键词: 航空发动机轮盘, 低周疲劳, 临界距离法, 模拟件设计, 盘心模拟件, 螺栓孔模拟件, 端齿模拟件

Abstract:

The discs in aero-engines are continuously subjected to large cyclic loading, of which the bores, bolt holes, curvic couplings and other feature areas are susceptible to Low Cycle Fatigue (LCF) failure. To accurately predict the fatigue life of the discs, it is necessary to design simulating specimens to reflect the stress gradient and perform fatigue experiments, which will provide an important basis for the design of the aero-engine structure. The existing simulating specimen design methods usually require that the stress and strain distribution within a certain range of the hotspot of simulating specimen should be consistent with those of the disc. However, the definition of "certain range" in these methods lacks theoretical basis and no uniform understanding has been reached. This study proposes a simulating specimen design method considering the consistency of SWT parameter distribution at the hotspots of simulating specimens and discs. The simulating specimens for the bores, bolt holes, curvic couplings of the disc are designed. A series of LCF experiments on simulating specimens are conducted. The average fatigue life of the curvic coupling simulating specimens corresponding to 100% rotational speed is compared with the results of the turbine disc rotational fatigue experiment, and the relative error is 7%, with both cracks initiating from the weak crystallographic facets on the surface. Finally, the robustness of the simulating specimen design method is discussed.

Key words: aero-engine disc, low cycle fatigue, theory of critical distances, simulating specimen design, simulating specimen for bore, simulating specimen for bolt hole, simulating specimen for curvic coupling

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