关键词: 阵风响应, 阵风减缓, 气动弹性, 主动控制, 阵风, 风洞试验, 飞行试验

Abstract: In order to reduce the impact of gust on aircraft flight performance and safety, in the early days, the structure of the aircraft was often strengthened to resist gusts interference. Since the 1950s, the gust alleviation technology based on active control has been gradually developed and successfully applied to many practical aircrafts, effectively reducing the gust response and improving the fatigue life and flight quality of aircraft. Domestic related research started late, and the engineering application of gust alleviation has been put on the agenda due to the demand of domestic large aircraft projects. This paper puts forward the general technical route of aircraft gust alleviation, and summarizes the historical development and research status of the following technologies according to this route: Firstly, the basic mathematical model of gust alleviation is introduced, involving aircraft dynamics model, gust model, unsteady aerodynamic model and gust response analysis method; Secondly, the design method of gust alleviation is analyzed from the aspects of alleviation mechanism and control law design; The specific cases of gust alleviation wind tunnel test and flight test and practical application are reviewed; Finally, the frontier progress of gust alleviation research is summarized and the key technical problems that need to be solved urgently are proposed, in order to provide help and reference for scientific research and engineering technicians in this field.

Key words: gust response, gust alleviation, aeroelasticity, active control, gust, wind tunnel test, flight test