航空学报 > 2018, Vol. 39 Issue (11): 22366-022366   doi: 10.7527/S1000-6893.2018.22366

超声速空腔流动波系演化及噪声控制研究进展

刘俊1,2, 蔡晋生1, 杨党国2, 施傲2, 路波2   

  1. 1. 西北工业大学 航空学院, 西安 710072;
    2. 中国空气动力研究与发展中心 高速空气动力研究所, 绵阳 621000
  • 收稿日期:2018-05-24 修回日期:2018-06-26 出版日期:2018-11-15 发布日期:2018-07-13
  • 通讯作者: 蔡晋生 E-mail:jcai@nwpu.edu.cn
  • 基金资助:
    国家"973"计划(613240);空气动力学国家重点实验室研究基金(SKLA20170304)

Research progress in wave evolution and noise control for supersonic cavity flows

LIU Jun1,2, CAI Jinsheng1, YANG Dangguo2, SHI Ao2, LU Bo2   

  1. 1. School of Aeronautics, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710072, China;
    2. High Speed Aerodynamics Institute, China Aerodynamics Research and Development Center, Mianyang 621000, China
  • Received:2018-05-24 Revised:2018-06-26 Online:2018-11-15 Published:2018-07-13
  • Supported by:
    National Basic Research Program of China (613240);State Key Laboratory of Aerodynamics Foundation (SKLA20170304)

摘要: 空腔结构在先进飞行器和动力装置中应用十分广泛,如飞机内埋武器舱、起落架舱、导弹光学头罩、超燃冲压发动机燃烧室、推力矢量发动机喷口等。这些空腔结构在实际应用中普遍面临严峻的气动噪声问题。研究表明,空腔噪声的产生与腔内非定常流动和复杂波系结构关系密切。对超声速空腔流致噪声已开展的研究进行综述,从而为系统地认识波系结构的演化规律、噪声产生机理和噪声控制机理提供参考。首先,介绍了闭式、过渡式和开式3种不同类型超声速空腔流动的主要特点,针对气动噪声最为严重的开式空腔流动,分析了7种典型波系结构形成、传播和相互作用等规律。然后,从空腔压力振荡反馈回路的4个关键环节出发,分析了当前广泛应用的3种压力反馈模型的异同。最后,总结梳理了超声速空腔噪声控制的5条路径,指出在第5条控制路径"干扰反馈激波的传播"研究方面存在的不足。并指出了当前研究存在的部分问题,就未来研究方向提出了建议。

关键词: 超声速, 空腔流动, 流致噪声, 波系结构, 压力振荡, 噪声控制

Abstract: Cavity structure is widely used in the advanced aircraft and engine, such as internal weapon bay, wheel well, optical dome, scramjet combustor, and thrust-vectoring nozzle. However, these cavities generally face severe aerodynamic noise in practical applications. Research shows the generation of cavity noise is closely related to the unsteady flow and complex wave structure. For the systematic understandings of the wave evolution, the mechanism of noise generation and the mechanism of noise control, the research on the noise induced by supersonic cavity flow is reviewed. In this paper, the main characteristics of closed, transitional and open supersonic cavity flows are introduced. To address the open cavity flow that generates the most serious aerodynamic noise, the formation, propagation and interaction of the seven typical flow structures are analyzed. In addition, three types of generation mechanisms of cavity noise are introduced, and their similarities and differences on each element of feedback model are analyzed. Furthermore, five possible ways to control supersonic cavity noise are summarized, pointing out that little attention has been paid to the fifth way which intends to control noise by breaking the propagation of feedback waves. Finally, unresolved issues in the current research are pointed out, and suggestions for further research are proposed.

Key words: supersonic, cavity flow, flow-induced noise, wave structures, pressure oscillation, noise control

中图分类号: