基于空域特性的低空空域雷达目标检测

doi:10.7527/S1000-6893.2014.0324

电子与控制

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基于空域特性的低空空域雷达目标检测

陈唯实, 李敬

中国民航科学技术研究院机场研究所, 北京 100028

收稿日期:2014-08-26 修回日期:2014-11-24 出版日期:2015-09-15 发布日期:2014-12-01
通讯作者: 陈唯实男, 博士, 高级工程师。主要研究方向: 机场安全运行, 低空空域安全监视。 Tel: 010-64481507 E-mail: chenwsh@mail.castc.org.cn E-mail:chenwsh@mail.castc.org.cn
作者简介:李敬男, 博士, 教授级高级工程师。主要研究方向: 航空安全。 Tel: 010-64481609 E-mail: lij@mail.castc.org.cn
基金资助:
民航安全能力建设资金(142146903072)

Radar target detection in low-altitude airspace with spatial features

CHEN Weishi, LI Jing

Airport Research Institute, China Academy of Civil Aviation Science and Technology, Beijing 100028, China

Received:2014-08-26 Revised:2014-11-24 Online:2015-09-15 Published:2014-12-01
Supported by:
Safety Capability Construction Funds of Civil Aviation (142146903072)

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为实现基于非相参雷达的低空空域监视,提出一种基于空域特性的杂波抑制算法,通过构造"最优分类面"来区分复杂低空空域雷达图像中的小弱目标和杂波,极大改善了非相参雷达的低空探测能力。首先,采用背景差分与固定阈值分割建立前景和背景统计模型。然后,基于该模型提取空域特性,建立马尔可夫随机场模型,从而自适应地调节"最优分类面"中的阈值。前景模型数据反映了待检测像素的聚集程度,背景模型数据反映了其相对位置。将本算法分别应用于X波段和S波段航海雷达获取的图像序列。检测结果表明:本算法在检测到低空空域小弱目标的同时,能够将虚警率保持在较低的水平,优于恒虚警检测等经典算法。最后,将本算法与已经实现的目标跟踪算法相结合,实现了一整套完整的低空空域雷达目标检测与跟踪算法。

关键词: 低空空域, 雷达, 目标, 检测, 最优分类面

Abstract:

To achieve the surveillance of low-altitude airspace with the incoherent radar, a clutter suppression algorithm was proposed based on the spatial features with the purpose of distinguishing the dim small targets from clutters in the radar images of complex low-altitude airspace by the construction of an optimal classification plane, greatly improving the detection capability of the incoherent radar in low-altitude airspace. Firstly, the foreground and background statistical models are built by background subtraction and fixed threshold method. Then, with the spatial features extracted from these models, a Markov random field model is established to adapt to the thresholds in the optimal classification plane. The statistics from the foreground model reflected the aggregation degree of the concerned pixels, while those from the background model reflected their relative positions. The proposed algorithm is applied to the image sequences obtained with X-band and S-band marine radars. The detection results demonstrate that the proposed algorithm could detect the dim small targets with relatively low false alarm rate, outperforming the classical algorithms such as the constant false alarm rate. Finally, the proposed algorithm is combined with the target tracking algorithm achieved in the previous research, therefore an advanced algorithm is provided for the detection and tracking of radar targets in complex low-altitude airspace.

Key words: low-altitude airspace, radar, target, detection, optimal classification plane

中图分类号:

V35
TN957.52

陈唯实, 李敬. 基于空域特性的低空空域雷达目标检测[J]. 航空学报, 2015, 36(9): 3060-3068.

CHEN Weishi, LI Jing. Radar target detection in low-altitude airspace with spatial features[J]. ACTA AERONAUTICAET ASTRONAUTICA SINICA, 2015, 36(9): 3060-3068.

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E-mail：hkxb@buaa.edu.cn

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主管单位：中国科学技术协会主办单位：中国航空学会北京航空航天大学

基于空域特性的低空空域雷达目标检测

Radar target detection in low-altitude airspace with spatial features

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