摘要： 基于风场环境利用的平流层浮空器继承高空气球结构简单、技术成熟、快速响应、使用效费比高等特点，通过引入控制设计，克服轨迹控制和高度控制等方面的局限，具备一定的飞行轨迹规划和区域驻留能力，是当前临近空间飞行器发展的重要方向。本文基于对典型项目的调研分析，梳理了基于风场环境利用的平流层浮空器在区域驻留应用中的关键技术，重点讨论了风场感知与建模、风场利用方法、轨迹规划与决策等核心问题的研究现状，对现有方案进行深入分析，从实际应用的角度探讨了相关技术难题的可行解决方案。

关键词: 平流层浮空器, 准零风层, 区域驻留, 高度调控, 风场预测

Abstract: The novel stratospheric aerostats based on wind filed utilization inherit the merits of high altitude balloons, such as simple structure, mature technology, and low cost. Meanwhile, the control limitations of balloons on trajectory and altitude control could be overcome by introducing a control design. With certain capability on flight trajectory planning and station-keeping, the aerostats have been considered as an important vehicle for near-space application. This paper first reviews the research situations of typical projects, sorting out the key technologies for the development of novel stratospheric aerostats. Then, we focus on the key issues such as stratospheric wind model method, altitude control method, and station-keeping strategies, discussing the feasible solutions for the related problems from the perspective of engineering.

Key words: stratospheric aerostat, quasi-zero wind layer, station-keeping, altitude control, wind field prediction

中图分类号: 

• V274