航空学报 > 2011, Vol. 32 Issue (2): 257-264   doi: CNKI:11-1929/V.20101111.0914.021

三维多段机翼地面效应数值模拟

秦绪国1, 刘沛清1, 屈秋林1, 徐婕2   

  1. 1. 北京航空航天大学 航空科学与工程学院, 北京 100191;2. 中国科协发展研究中心, 北京 100045
  • 收稿日期:2010-05-04 修回日期:2010-06-04 出版日期:2011-02-25 发布日期:2011-02-25

Numerical Simulation on 3D Multi-element Wings in Ground Effect

QIN Xuguo1, LIU Peiqing1, QU Qiulin1, XU Jie2   

  1. 1. School of Aeronautic Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Beijing 100191, China;2. .Development & Research Center of China Association for Science and Technology, Beijing 100045, China
  • Received:2010-05-04 Revised:2010-06-04 Online:2011-02-25 Published:2011-02-25

摘要: 通过数值模拟方法研究多段机翼的地面效应,采用有限体积法求解质量加权平均Navier-Stokes方程,湍流模型选用Spalart-Allmaras模型,利用运动壁面边界模拟地面的相对运动。计算结果分析表明:随着飞行高度的降低,多段机翼的升力、阻力和低头力矩均减小;迎角、展弦比越大,地面效应越明显,升力损失越大;升力的减小主要是由于地面效应导致机翼下方静压增大的气流通过缝隙进入机翼上表面流场,使得机翼下翼面压力的增加量小于上翼面吸力的减小量;地面效应使机翼上翼面翼尖容易发生分离;翼尖涡沿着展向方向向外移动,机翼诱导阻力减小。该文研究结果可以为大型飞机的增升装置地面效应设计提供参考依据。

关键词: 地面效应, 多段机翼, 数值模拟, 气动性能, 流场结构

Abstract: A multi-element wing operating in ground effect is investigated numerically. The compressible Navier-Stokes equations are solved by the finite-volume method. An Spalart-Allmaras turbulence model is used. The slipping wall is used to simulate the relative movement of the ground. The results indicate that, with a reduction in height, the lift, drag and node down moment of the multi-element wing decrease. The ground effect is more obvious with greater angles of attack and aspect ratios, and the lift losses also become greater. The effect of the sweep angle on the ground effect is small. The cause of the reduction of lift is that the losses of the suction side of the upper surface are greater than the increases of the pressure side of the lower surface. Adverse gradient increases on the upper surface of the wing in ground effect may cause the flow to separate near the wing tip. Tip vortex goes downstream outward along the span direction, and the induced drag of the wing decreases. The results of the simulation may provide a theoretical basis for the design of height lift devices of large aircraft in ground effect.

Key words: ground effect, multi-element wing, numerical simulation, aerodynamics characteristics, structure of flow field

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