并行的多重网格方法在离散伴随优化中的应用

doi:10.7527/S1000-6893.2013.0518

流体力学与飞行力学

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并行的多重网格方法在离散伴随优化中的应用

李彬, 唐静, 邓有奇, 张耀冰

中国空气动力研究与发展中心计算空气动力研究所, 四川绵阳 621000

收稿日期:2013-10-18 修回日期:2014-01-13 出版日期:2014-08-25 发布日期:2014-02-17
通讯作者: 李彬，Tel.：0816-2463091，E-mail：leebin2008@hotmail.com E-mail:leebin2008@hotmail.com
作者简介:李彬男，博士研究生，助理研究员。主要研究方向：飞行器气动外形优化设计，外挂物分离投放数值模拟。Tel：0816-2463091，E-mail：leebin2008@hotmail.com；唐静男，博士研究生。主要研究方向：飞行器气动外形优化设计，非结构混合网格自适应技术研究。Tel：0816-2463090，E-mail：lepvrd@gmail.com；邓有奇男，博士，研究员，博士生导师。主要研究方向：飞行器气动总体设计。Tel：0816-2463007，E-mail：cai@cardc.cn；张耀冰男，博士，助理研究员。主要研究方向：飞行器气动数值仿真，湍流模拟研究。Tel：0816-2463091，E-mail：zhyb_super@sina.cn

Application of Parallel Multigrid Algorithm to Discrete Adjoint Optimization

LI Bin, TANG Jing, DENG Youqi, ZHANG Yaobing

Computational Aerodynamics Institute, China Aerodynamics Research and Development Center, Mianyang 621000, China

Received:2013-10-18 Revised:2014-01-13 Online:2014-08-25 Published:2014-02-17

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

伴随优化方法在飞行器气动外形优化设计方面的应用越来越广泛，但以精细减阻等为目标的优化，面对真实飞行器仍然存在计算量大、计算周期长的问题。将多重网格技术结合并行技术运用于基于非结构混合网格、雷诺平均Navier-Stokes方程的离散伴随方程的求解，提高了离散伴随优化系统的整体效率。给出了伴随方程多重网格计算中的延拓和限制算子，采用V循环比较了不同层数的加速效果和粗网格残差计算方法对目标函数梯度敏感导数的影响。结合Metis分区技术，提出了适合伴随方程的数据并行传递简化方式，使伴随方程在300个并行分区计算时加速比仅比理想加速比低13%。采用发展的高效优化系统，选取了112个设计变量，对DLR F6翼身组合体跨声速状态进行减阻优化，使机翼空间激波得到弱化，阻力减小9 counts。模拟验证结果表明，建立的高效的飞行器气动外形优化设计系统在三维真实飞行器外形优化方面，具有良好的应用前景。

关键词: 非结构网格, 外形优化, 离散伴随, 多重网格, 并行计算

Abstract:

The adjoint method is now employed more and more widely for aerodynamic shape optimization. But when used for reducing the drag of a complex aircraft, it still requires a large amount of time-consuming calculation. Based on an unstructured mesh, this paper proposes a parallel multigrid algorithm to solve the discrete adjoint equation for a 3D Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes solver, so as to improve the optimization system efficiency. The prolongation operator and the restriction operator are described for the multigrid adjoint solver. By using the V-cycle, the accelerating effect of different layers is compared, and the influence of coarse grid residuals computing methods on the gradient of the objective function is analyzed. Combined with Metis partitioning technology, a simplified parallel-data transfer approach is implemented for the adjoint solver, so that the parallel speedup of the adjoint equation is only 13% lower than the ideal speedup in 300 parallel partitions. The optimization system is successfully demonstrated for a DLR F6 wing-body transonic shape optimization design, in which 112 design variables are selected with the purpose of reducing drag. Shock structure change is presented before and after the optimization, and drag reduction is nine counts. It shows that the efficient optimization system established in this paper has a bright application prospect for three-dimensional complex shape optimization.

Key words: unstructured grid, shape optimization, discrete adjoint, multigrid, parallel computing

中图分类号:

V211.3

李彬, 唐静, 邓有奇, 张耀冰. 并行的多重网格方法在离散伴随优化中的应用[J]. 航空学报, 2014, 35(8): 2091-2101.

LI Bin, TANG Jing, DENG Youqi, ZHANG Yaobing. Application of Parallel Multigrid Algorithm to Discrete Adjoint Optimization[J]. ACTA AERONAUTICAET ASTRONAUTICA SINICA, 2014, 35(8): 2091-2101.

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E-mail：hkxb@buaa.edu.cn

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并行的多重网格方法在离散伴随优化中的应用

Application of Parallel Multigrid Algorithm to Discrete Adjoint Optimization

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