航空学报 > 2016, Vol. 37 Issue (5): 1587-1594   doi: 10.7527/S1000-6893.2015.0261

基于IMU的机载TOPSAR目标定位方法

范怀涛1,2, 张志敏1, 李宁1, 魏云龙1   

  1. 1. 中国科学院电子学研究所 航天微波遥感系统部, 北京 100190;
    2. 中国科学院大学 电子电气与通信工程学院, 北京 100049
  • 收稿日期:2015-05-06 修回日期:2015-09-22 出版日期:2016-05-15 发布日期:2015-10-19
  • 通讯作者: 范怀涛,Tel.:010-58887160 E-mail:huaitaofan@163.com E-mail:huaitaofan@163.com
  • 作者简介:范怀涛,男,博士研究生。主要研究方向:新概念、新体制微波成像理论与方法。Tel:010-58887160 E-mail:huaitaofan@163.com;张志敏,男,硕士,研究员,博士生导师。主要研究方向:合成孔径雷达系统总体设计和信号处理。Tel:010-58887116 E-mail:zmzhang@mail.ie.ac.cn;李宁,男,博士,助理研究员。主要研究方向:合成孔径雷达信号处理。Tel:010-58887160 E-mail:nli@mail.ie.ac.cn;魏云龙,男,硕士,副研究员。主要研究方向:合成孔径雷达系统总体设计和过程控制。Tel:010-58887160 E-mail:ylwei@mail.ie.ac.cn
  • 基金资助:

    国家自然科学基金(61172122)

Target geo-location method in airborne TOPSAR mode based on IMU

FAN Huaitao1,2, ZHANG Zhimin1, LI Ning1, WEI Yunlong1   

  1. 1. Department of Space Microwave Remote Sensing System Institute of Electronics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China;
    2. School of Electronic, Electrical and Communication Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
  • Received:2015-05-06 Revised:2015-09-22 Online:2016-05-15 Published:2015-10-19
  • Supported by:

    National Natural Science Foundation of China (61172122)

摘要:

Burst工作模式和方位波束的主动扫描使得TOPSAR工作模式能够有效削弱ScanSAR模式的扇贝效应,同时也导致图像方位向像素位置与回波脉冲的关系变得复杂,给目标定位带来了很多问题。惯性测量单元(IMU)数据记录延时也会导致方位向定位误差存在,精确估计这个误差能够大大提高目标的方位向定位精度。从TOPSAR数据采集的几何关系和成像过程出发,结合机载IMU数据,提出了一种新的机载TOPSAR目标定位方法。该方法能够直接从TOPSAR斜距图像中获取目标的经纬度信息。通过实际飞行试验获取的机载TOPSAR数据验证了该方法的有效性,能够获取25 m的平均定位精度。

关键词: 合成孔径雷达, 机载TOPSAR, 惯性测量单元, 目标定位, 定位精度

Abstract:

In the terrain observation by progressive scans synthetic aperture radar (TOPSAR) mode, the application of burst mode and beam steering in the azimuth can effectively weaken scalloping effect, which is an inherent defect in ScanSAR mode. In addition, several problems arise in TOPSAR mode, such as the complex relationship between image pixels and the corresponding echo pulses, which makes it difficult to geo-locate targets precisely. Meanwhile, time-lapse in the process of recording inertial measurement unit (IMU) data will worsen the location accuracy in azimuth and precise estimation of the error will greatly improve geo-location performance. Proceeding from the geometric relationship of data acquisition and imaging algorithm in TOPSAR mode, a new target geo-location method is proposed with the usage of airborne IMU data. The presented method can provide longitude and latitude information of targets from processed imagery. Tests have been conducted using airborne TOPSAR imagery to verify the proposed method and average geo-location accuracy of twenty-five meters can be obtained.

Key words: synthetic aperture radar, airborne TOPSAR, inertial measurement unit, target geo-location, location accuracy

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